Specialist Pelvic Health Physiotherapy in London
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Women's Health

Vaginismus

Vaginismus is an involuntary tightening of the pelvic floor muscles around the vagina, making vaginal penetration painful, difficult or sometimes impossible.

Vaginismus is a condition where the muscles around the entrance to the vagina tighten involuntarily, making vaginal penetration difficult, painful or sometimes impossible.

This tightening is not something a person chooses to do; it is an automatic protective response of the pelvic floor muscles.

Vaginismus can affect women of any age and may develop before any vaginal penetration has occurred (primary vaginismus) or later in life after previous pain-free experiences (secondary vaginismus).

Although it can feel isolating, vaginismus is more common than many people realise, and with the right support, many women are able to make significant progress.

Pelvic health physiotherapy forms an important part of treatment by helping women understand their symptoms, reduce muscle tension and gradually improve confidence.

Common symptoms

Women with vaginismus may experience:

  • Pain or difficulty during vaginal penetration
  • Involuntary tightening of the pelvic floor muscles
  • Difficulty using tampons or menstrual cups
  • Pain during gynaecological examinations
  • Anxiety or fear relating to penetration
  • Pelvic muscle tension
  • Anticipation of pain before intimacy

Symptoms vary from person to person and can affect both physical and emotional wellbeing.

What causes vaginismus?

There is rarely a single cause.

Contributing factors may include:

  • Previous painful experiences
  • Pelvic pain conditions
  • Childbirth-related trauma
  • Previous surgery
  • Anxiety associated with pain
  • Pelvic floor muscle overactivity
  • Hormonal changes affecting vaginal tissues

Sometimes no obvious trigger can be identified.

How is vaginismus assessed?

Your first appointment is primarily about understanding your symptoms and ensuring you feel comfortable.

Assessment begins with a detailed discussion about:

  • Your symptoms
  • Medical history
  • Previous experiences
  • Your goals
  • Any concerns about examination

A physical examination is only performed with your full consent and can be postponed if you are not ready.

Your comfort and trust are always the priority.

How can pelvic health physiotherapy help?

Treatment is entirely individualised and progresses at a pace that feels right for you.

Treatment may include:

Pelvic floor relaxation

Learning how to recognise and reduce involuntary muscle tension is often the first step.

Breathing and relaxation techniques

Improving breathing patterns can help reduce protective muscle tightening and improve comfort.

Manual therapy

Where appropriate and always with consent, gentle techniques may help improve tissue flexibility and reduce sensitivity.

Graduated rehabilitation

Treatment may include gradual desensitisation techniques and education to help build confidence over time.

We work collaboratively with you throughout treatment, ensuring you remain in control at every stage.

A compassionate, supportive approach

Vaginismus can affect confidence, relationships and emotional wellbeing, but it is a treatable condition.

Our specialist pelvic health physiotherapists provide a confidential, understanding environment where you can discuss your symptoms openly and receive personalised care without judgement.

Here for you

Ready to take the first step?

Book a private pelvic health assessment to begin your journey towards greater comfort, confidence and recovery.
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